Building Trust Inwards Exams
by Andreas Schleicher
Director, Directorate for Education together with Skills
Quality high-stakes exams own got ever been i of the most reliable predictors of the functioning of an didactics system. They signal what matters for educational success together with they ensure fairness together with transparency inwards the gateways to the side yesteryear side phase of didactics or to the workforce. But getting the pattern of exams incorrect tin agree didactics systems back, narrowing the compass of what is valued together with what is taught, or encouraging shortcuts, cramming together with integrity violations.
So if you lot are searching for promising practices inwards this expanse these days, it is worth having a hold back at Russia. Surprised? True, for a long fourth dimension Russian’s had lost trust inwards exam scores together with degrees because of fraud together with misconduct inwards examinations. But for good over a decade, Russian Federation has worked persistently on addressing these issues together with its unified province exam at i time offers i of the most advanced together with transparent ways of assessing pupil learning outcomes at school.
For a start, Russian Federation has non fallen into the trap of sacrificing validity gains for efficiency gains together with relevance for reliability that is then mutual to many exam systems. So you lot notice no bubble sheets together with few multiple-choice tasks. Instead, the tasks are open-ended together with oftentimes involve essays, focussed on the acquisition of advanced knowledge, complex higher-order thinking skills and, increasingly, on the application of those skills to real-world problems. Many of those tasks probe for agreement together with prompting for farther thinking, yesteryear bespeak students questions such as: Who is correct? How produce you lot know? Can you lot explicate why he or she is correct?
But the biggest accomplishment of Russia’s unified province exam has been inwards re-establishing trust inwards didactics together with examination. Trust cannot hold upward legislated. And trust doesn’t only happen, it is ever intentional together with it is at to the lowest degree every bit much a outcome of the pattern of an exam arrangement every bit it is a pre-existing status for its conduct. So how did Russian Federation popular off well-nigh that? For a start, it has invested inwards state-of-the fine art essay out safety that is at i time available across the country. The exam papers are packaged together with printed inwards real-time at the betoken of delivery, inwards the classroom nether the eyes of the students together with the examiners - together with nether the eyes of a 360-degree photographic tv set camera that monitors together with records the entire exam process.
At the end, the exam papers are scanned, digitised together with anonymised, i time once again nether the eyes of the students. Where to a greater extent than complex responses to essays cannot hold upward scored automatically yesteryear machines, they are marked centrally yesteryear independent together with especially trained experts, amongst extensive checks for inter-rater reliability. Of course, in that place is ever to a greater extent than or less sentence involved inwards scoring essays. So how tin students trust that they were graded fairly? Actually, they tin own got a hold back for themselves. The fully-marked exam papers are posted online together with all students tin review their results. And they tin competitor the markings if they are non happy, something which a few percentage of them produce each year. Schools, too, tin come across together with runway their exam scores. So if Russian students, teachers, schoolhouse leaders, together with also employers are at i time much to a greater extent than confident inwards schooling together with examination, this has non come upward well-nigh yesteryear chance.
Has it led to improvements inwards outcomes? Not yet, the exam results were apartment lining over the final years. Which shows how much Russian Federation all the same has to produce to feed information dorsum into helping students to larn better, teachers to learn better, together with schools to acquire to a greater extent than effective. But it also shows that the exams proved resilient then far against i of the most mutual diseases of assessments - grade inflation.
Links:
www.oecd.org/russia
Director, Directorate for Education together with Skills
Quality high-stakes exams own got ever been i of the most reliable predictors of the functioning of an didactics system. They signal what matters for educational success together with they ensure fairness together with transparency inwards the gateways to the side yesteryear side phase of didactics or to the workforce. But getting the pattern of exams incorrect tin agree didactics systems back, narrowing the compass of what is valued together with what is taught, or encouraging shortcuts, cramming together with integrity violations. So if you lot are searching for promising practices inwards this expanse these days, it is worth having a hold back at Russia. Surprised? True, for a long fourth dimension Russian’s had lost trust inwards exam scores together with degrees because of fraud together with misconduct inwards examinations. But for good over a decade, Russian Federation has worked persistently on addressing these issues together with its unified province exam at i time offers i of the most advanced together with transparent ways of assessing pupil learning outcomes at school.
For a start, Russian Federation has non fallen into the trap of sacrificing validity gains for efficiency gains together with relevance for reliability that is then mutual to many exam systems. So you lot notice no bubble sheets together with few multiple-choice tasks. Instead, the tasks are open-ended together with oftentimes involve essays, focussed on the acquisition of advanced knowledge, complex higher-order thinking skills and, increasingly, on the application of those skills to real-world problems. Many of those tasks probe for agreement together with prompting for farther thinking, yesteryear bespeak students questions such as: Who is correct? How produce you lot know? Can you lot explicate why he or she is correct?
But the biggest accomplishment of Russia’s unified province exam has been inwards re-establishing trust inwards didactics together with examination. Trust cannot hold upward legislated. And trust doesn’t only happen, it is ever intentional together with it is at to the lowest degree every bit much a outcome of the pattern of an exam arrangement every bit it is a pre-existing status for its conduct. So how did Russian Federation popular off well-nigh that? For a start, it has invested inwards state-of-the fine art essay out safety that is at i time available across the country. The exam papers are packaged together with printed inwards real-time at the betoken of delivery, inwards the classroom nether the eyes of the students together with the examiners - together with nether the eyes of a 360-degree photographic tv set camera that monitors together with records the entire exam process.
At the end, the exam papers are scanned, digitised together with anonymised, i time once again nether the eyes of the students. Where to a greater extent than complex responses to essays cannot hold upward scored automatically yesteryear machines, they are marked centrally yesteryear independent together with especially trained experts, amongst extensive checks for inter-rater reliability. Of course, in that place is ever to a greater extent than or less sentence involved inwards scoring essays. So how tin students trust that they were graded fairly? Actually, they tin own got a hold back for themselves. The fully-marked exam papers are posted online together with all students tin review their results. And they tin competitor the markings if they are non happy, something which a few percentage of them produce each year. Schools, too, tin come across together with runway their exam scores. So if Russian students, teachers, schoolhouse leaders, together with also employers are at i time much to a greater extent than confident inwards schooling together with examination, this has non come upward well-nigh yesteryear chance.
Has it led to improvements inwards outcomes? Not yet, the exam results were apartment lining over the final years. Which shows how much Russian Federation all the same has to produce to feed information dorsum into helping students to larn better, teachers to learn better, together with schools to acquire to a greater extent than effective. But it also shows that the exams proved resilient then far against i of the most mutual diseases of assessments - grade inflation.
Links:
www.oecd.org/russia
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